[Kevan]

'slicer' is appropriate because the software slices the part to be printed into specified layers, usually 0.2mm thick but can be much smaller. The printer uses the gcode generated to print one sliced layer at a time.
The biggest difference in layer printing between filament and resin printers is resin printers can do one whole layer in a few seconds in one go whilst a filament printer can take tens of seconds to do one layer as the nozzle has to traverse every single part of each layer.
Filament can be laid down in 0.5mm or greater layer thicknesses whereas resin layers are limited to much thinner layers. 
Filament is much more durable than resin but overall surface finish is much better with 3D resin.